Speed-controlllk



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet l.

H. A. BALLARD. SPEED CONTROLLING DEVICE.

No. 462,028. Patented Oct. 27, 1891;

Z FIEnl Xzxinmssfis v g MNTDR MSQMM' J F 1/44 Q, fipzzma lmnm WW l lflmmmmummuunnmmilIllllllllllllllllllllllm (No Model.) 2 SheetSSheet 2. H. A. BALLARD. SPEED CONTROLLING DEVICE.

No. 462,028. Patented Oct. 27, 1891.

7/ 4 l v N .L IIHII m H I \BZiTNE 5 5E 5 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J; PILLSBURY, OF BOSTON,

MASSACHUSETTS.

sPEEo-coNTRo uhc Dev ce.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 462,028 dated October 27, 1891. Application filed June 12 1 891. Scrial No 395,916. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRIE A. BALLARD,

of Ashland, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed- Controlling Devices, of which the following is a specification.-

The invention has relation to that class or kind of devices which are contrived to regulate or control the speed at which machines may be operated; and it has for its object the provision of such improvementsas will cause the governor or regulator to make instant response'to any change in or variation of the load carried by the machine.

.7 Heretofore in devices of the kind to which this invention has reference a considerable period of time elapsed between the moment of varying the load upon the machine and the time when the weighted levers of the centrifugal device areable to assume proper positionto secure an operation of the machine at the same speed at which it was run beforethe load there was changed. For example, if the machine should be carrying a 3 taken off, the machine would immediately start up at an undulyhigh rate of speed until the centrifugal tendency imparted to the weighted arms threw them out far enough from the axis'of the shaft to release to a proper degree the frictional connection between the driver and friction-disk; and, per contra, should the inachinebe carrying acomparatively light load and more should be added, an appreciableperiod of time would elapse between the time of such addition to the load and the time when the momentum of the-weighted arms would be overcome, within whichtime the machine would be run .at an unduly slow rateof speed.

The invention herein shown and described overcomes theobjections and dlffiGllltiBS mentioned and secures the purposes of the im- "provemehts, as hereinbeforerecited, said-in-v vention consisting in securing the clutch-disk or part with whicnthe driver co-operatesso that it may be moved axially as well as longitudinally on the 'shaft, to a limited extent,

and combiningwith the saiddislif orclutch heavy load and a portion thereof should be part and themovable collar adjacent thereto and intermediate of the same a clamping device constructed and arranged tobe actuated by the increased resistance to the rotation. of

the shaft tc'i bear with increasedforce against 5 5 the friction-disk or clutch part cooperating with the driver, and cause said clutch part to hug the driver to a greater degree, and to an extent corresponding to the increasedres'istthe load upon the machine is'1ightened,and the speed of the shaft is accelerated, to cause said clamping means against the said clutch part, the clamping means responding instantly to increase and 6 5 ec ement lo uponqt e hi -i The invention also consists of improved combination of other parts in a speed-controller, and the combination of such other parts with the groups or combination of parts, hereinbefore described.

. Reference is to be had to the annexed drawings and to the letters marked'thereon, forming apart of .this specification, the same letters designating the same as: the case may be, wherever they occur.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the invention applied to ashaft. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central sectional viewon tion taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1, and showing the position of the means for controlling the speed of the machine with reference to the load when a heavyload is being carried. Fig. 5 is a side view, partially in section, on 85 the line 5 7, Fig. 3-, showing a position or relationship of parts represented in Fig. are; 6 is a cross-section similar to Fig. 4, showing. the position of tlreparts when the machine is noload whatsoever. Fig. 7 is aside view, par- "tially insection on theline 5 7, Fig. 3, representing the devices asshown in Fig. 6. Fig.

-8 is a perspective View of the movable collar and its equipments,which co-operates with 5 theclutch part and its equipments tocontrol the speed-of the machine with reference to its load. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the clutch part and its equipment mentioned in .ance to the rotation of the shaft, and, when 60 to" bear with less force parts or features,

the line'2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a cross-sec- 8o running with a light load or with substantially o the'description ofFig. 8, showing also the. too

axis of the said disk.

friction-disk or washer interposed between the twoclutch parts, a portion of; the clutch part shown.

In the drawings, a designates theishaft to be driven,

b is the driver, which may be agear orother equivalent device, it being here shown as consisting of a pulley provided at one end with a disk 0. I

(l is a disk similar to disk 0, connected with the driver 1). Intermediate of the .two disks 0' and d is a disk e of leather, leatheroid', or.

other suitable frictional material. Connected with the side of disk cl, facing away from the intermediate disk e, are blocks ff, the faces g g of which extend in plane radial to the h is a collar spliced upon the shaft, so as that it may be moved longitudinally of the latter. The said collar is provided upon its side or face adjacent to the disk d with blocks 1; 'i, the faces j j of which extend in a plane radial tothe'axis of the collar h. 'lheblocks f and i are so arranged on their respective supports that the adjacent sides ofthe collar and disk d'may be brought into contact one with the other, and the faces 9 j'ofthe blocks ft brought into the same relationship.

Both the driver I; and the diskdare loosely arranged on shaft a; but by reasonvof the contact of the blocks '6 of the collar h with the blocks f of the disk d the'latter will be driven when the shaft a is rotated. The bases or inner ends of the-said blocks are slightly inclined or beveled; as is best indicated at k in Figs. 4 and 6, so as'to render the diskd revolubly movable on the shaft a to a slight extent. Sockets 'lQa're formed in the oppos I -ing sides of the blocks, and helical springs m seated at their ends in the said sockets serve to hold the blocks normallyapart to the degree permitted by theirinclined ends it. Screws n' diskd arid extending in an inclined direc-.

' tion with respect to the shaft 0;, are arranged the inner ends of the arms 3 of the anglede' to operatein the said chambers.

q is'aeollar or disk rigidly secured to the shaft a,',upou projections 'r of which are-fulcru'medfangle or bell-crank leverspthe longer outer arms't of which are weighted. Link rods'ui are .pivot'edat one end 'tothe inner shorter arms 3' of the angle-levers, and areconni'ected in like manner with lugs v of a collar 10,. provided with a screw-threaded hub wloose on the sha'fta.

y designates a washer surrounding the.

shaft a and bearing near its peripheryupon e to the desired degree.

I vers. The said washer also'rests upon (or it may be connectedwith) the'ends of .pins 2,

which -extend through holes formed in the collar or disk q, and are tapped at their inner ends in the -ellar h.

a designates ahelical spring surrounding the shaft a and hearing at one-end; upon the washer y andat the other, upon the screwthreaded collar b, turned upon the hub w. c, designates a collar provided 'with a screw -threaded hubdfiarrahgedto be secured-by a set-screw or other suitable means 3 upon the shaft a. A collar or collars e are threaded hpon ,the hub d and are ada tedjto be adjusted nearer to or farther from t e hub f of driver b, so as to'hold' the driver in place on the shaft and adjust it with'reference to the position of frictionidisk d.

' In theuse of my invention with the weighted arms tin their normal position, thecollars' b and 6 will be adjustedso as to cause the spring a, to frictionally clutchor'connect the disks 0 and d through the medium of. the disk machine, should there be a tendency to drive In operating the the shaft watt-o0 great a speed, the centriflugal tendency imparted to the weighted arms 25 will throw the'free ends thereof outward, causing the ends of the arms s to bear upon the washeryand m'oveit in a direction away from the collar q, the link-rods 'u; acting 'to move the collar to .in the same direction and consequently relieving the stress with which the springa (through themedium of i the washer y) exerts upon .the pins z,conuectedwith the collar h. As a result of this disks 0 and (Z- will loo-lessened in force, and

operation the frictional connection of the the former will slip' nppn thelatter to the extent of the unduly rapid movement ofthe driver. to the machine connected with the shaft a, the increased resistance to the rotation of the latter by. the driver will cause the blocks f, connected with the disk d, to overcome to a greater or less extent the stress of the springs m, and, as it'were', catch up with theblocks 2', actuating the levers 19, (see Fig.'5,)

.so as to cause the disksc d tohug each other;

with greater force, and with a forcecorrespond-ing to the machine.

The instant the load upon the machine is lightened and the resistance to the rotation of the shaft 0; is lessened the springs m will operate to separate the blocks t' f, moving the levers p to a positionindicated in'Fig, 7, and so lesseningthe degree of frictional connection between the disks 0' d.

Should now additional load be added increase of load upon the In the way described I am enabled toprovide means for controlling-the speed of the shaft 0, with reference to the load upon the machine and an unvarying speed of the driver and separate means for controlling the operation of the said'shaft with reference to.

variations in the speed of unvaryingload,

the driver and an;

said clutch parts norm If desired, the outer free ends of the arms t may be made hollow with closable apertures, so as that the weight thereof may be adj usted by means of shot or the like to suit circumstances, as shown, described,- and, claimed in a patent granted-to me -June 1, 1891, No. 456,392

It is to be obser'ved that whenthe weighted arms are thrown outward by centrifugal tendency the spring a is'moved-bodilyaway from exerting pressure upon the disk d, so .that no force exercised by the levers t is lost in compressing the said spring; but all of the said force or power is employed in relieving the frictional connection between the driver. and the disk cl. This is an important feature of theinvention.

Having thus explained the nature of my in vention and described a way of constructing and using the same, I declare that'what I claim is l. A speed-controller comprising in its construction a driver provided with a frictiondisk loose on theshaft to be driven, a cooperating friction-disk adapted to have a limited movement both longitudinally and revolubly on the shaft and provided with a clutching part, a -collar on the shaft provided with a clutch part to co-opcrate with the first-mentioned clutch part, a spring for holding the ally separated-and a clamping or pressing device intermediate the collar and lastmentioned friction? disk to press upon the latter and cause the frictiondisks to hug-the more closely asload is added to the machine driven by the shaft, as set forth.

2. A speed-controller comprising in its conoperating friction-disk adapted to turn necting one of weighted levers with the seco n'd collar, the

tioned' friction-disk, as set fort struction a driver provided with a frictiom hug the more closely vers intermed lar, and a centrifugally-operated.devicefor overcomingth springacts upon ,the friction-disks, asset name tothis specification two subscribing witnesses, this 3d day of June, A. I

struct'ion a driver pnovided with a frictionsk loose upon the shaft to be driven, acowith git-udinally there e shaft, but movable 1011 on, a collar secured to the shaft, weighted ans, gle-levers surroundi upon the shaft, a spring interposed pivoted upon said collar, a washer ug the shaft, a second collar loose between e Washer and second collar, link-rods conthe arms of each of the said ends of the said arms extending under the so. said washer, and devices consisting of levers term-ediate the washer and second-men- 3. A speed controller comprising in its con-- sk loose upon the shaft to be driven, a cooperating friction-disk adapted to turn with e shaft, a collar, a clamping device intermediate the last-mentioned friction-disk and e said collar for causing the two disks to 50 as load is added to the machine driven by the shaft,-a spring surunding the shaft, devices consisting of leiate of the said spring and cole stress with which the said rth. I v V a In testimony whereof I have signed my in the-presence of D. 1891. HARRIE A. BALLARD. vWitnesses:

ARTHUR W. CRossLEY,

A. D. HARRIsoN. 

